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Frequently Asked Questions

How many downlights do I need per room?

Plan for one downlight per 1.2 to 1.4 square metres of floor area in a room with a standard 2.4-metre ceiling, using a medium beam fitting at 600 to 800 lumens. A 4 x 4 metre lounge would typically use 10 to 12 downlights for even coverage. Rooms with higher ceilings or lower-output fittings require closer spacing to achieve equivalent brightness.

How far apart should downlights be placed?

Space indoor downlights 1.0 to 1.2 metres apart for standard 2.4-metre ceilings with medium beam fittings. Position the outer row 500 to 600 millimetres from the wall to avoid scalloping on the wall surface. For higher ceilings or narrow beam fittings, reduce spacing to maintain consistent coverage.

How to space downlights correctly in a kitchen or bathroom?

In a kitchen, position downlights directly above bench surfaces in addition to general ceiling lighting, at 600 to 800 millimetre spacing above the work surface. In a bathroom, confirm the IP rating of any fitting installed within 600 millimetres of a water source. IP44 is required for zone two installations.

Can I install LED downlights myself?

No. In New Zealand, installing downlights involves connection to fixed electrical wiring and must be carried out by a licensed electrician. This applies to both new installations and retrofit replacements. Attempting to install downlights without a licensed electrician is illegal, unsafe, and will void your home insurance.

How are downlights installed?

Downlight installation involves cutting a ceiling hole to the fitting's specified cutout diameter, connecting the fitting to the fixed wiring above the ceiling, and securing the fitting into the cutout. For retrofit installations, the existing cutout diameter may limit which replacement fittings will fit without additional plastering. A licensed electrician will assess the existing installation and recommend the correct fitting.

Indoor Downlights

Indoor downlights are one of the most effective ways to update the look and feel of a room without structural changes. Recessed into the ceiling and flush with the surface, they eliminate the visual clutter of exposed fittings and create a clean, considered result suited to every room in a New Zealand home. At Lighting Direct, you will find a comprehensive range of indoor LED downlights in fixed, tiltable, dimmable, and trimless configurations across a wide range of finishes and colour temperatures.

How to choose the right Indoor Downlight

Choosing the right indoor downlight starts with three specifications that determine how the light performs in the room: the fitting type, the beam angle, and the colour temperature. Getting these right before selecting a finish prevents a common outcome where a well-chosen downlight produces the wrong quality of light for the space.

Fixed downlights direct light straight down and suit general illumination in living rooms, hallways, and bedrooms. Tiltable downlights have an adjustable head that angles up to 30 degrees, making them the correct choice for accent lighting, artwork, or any surface not directly below the ceiling point. Dimmable downlights require both a dimmable LED module and a compatible dimmer switch on the circuit. Trimless downlights sit flush with the plasterboard with no visible bezel, producing the cleanest architectural finish available in recessed lighting.

Beam angle determines how light spreads. A narrow beam of 15 to 25 degrees concentrates light on a specific point, suited to accent use. A medium beam of 25 to 45 degrees is the most common choice for general room lighting. A wide beam of 60 degrees and above provides diffuse coverage suited to low-ceiling spaces with multiple fittings. For colour temperature: living rooms and bedrooms suit 2700K to 3000K. Kitchens, bathrooms, and workspaces suit 3000K to 4000K.

How Many Downlights You Need and Where to Position Them

The number of indoor downlights required in a room depends on the ceiling height, the beam angle of the fitting, the lumen output of the LED module, and whether the downlights are the primary light source or part of a layered scheme. A general starting point for rooms with standard 2.4-metre ceilings is one downlight per 1.2 to 1.4 square metres of floor area, using a medium beam angle fitting at 600 to 800 lumens per light.

Spacing downlights evenly across the ceiling produces the most consistent result. For a standard ceiling height, space downlights approximately 1.0 to 1.2 metres apart and position the outer row 500 to 600 millimetres from the wall. Placing downlights too close to walls creates unwanted scalloping — a series of curved shadow lines caused by the beam hitting the wall surface at an acute angle. Keeping the outer row at least 500 millimetres from the wall avoids this effect in most standard installations.

Kitchens require additional consideration. General ceiling downlights provide ambient light across the room, but task lighting above benches and islands requires either additional downlights positioned directly above the work surface or supplementary under-cabinet lighting. In bathrooms, any downlight installed within the splash zone must carry an IP rating appropriate for that zone. IP44 is required for zone two installations.

LED Downlights vs Older Halogen Fittings: Why the Upgrade Matters

Replacing halogen downlights with indoor LED downlights is one of the most cost-effective lighting upgrades available to New Zealand homeowners. LED downlights use up to 75 percent less energy than equivalent halogen fittings and have a rated lifespan of 25,000 to 50,000 hours, compared to 2,000 hours for a standard halogen globe. In a home with 20 downlights running four hours per day, switching to LED reduces the replacement frequency from roughly every two years to once per decade or longer.

LED downlights also produce significantly less heat than halogen fittings, reducing the load on ceiling insulation and eliminating the fire risk associated with halogen globes in contact with insulation batts. For NZ homes built before 2010 where halogen downlights were standard specification, retrofitting to LED is both a safety improvement and an ongoing cost reduction. Installation must be carried out by a licensed electrician in accordance with New Zealand wiring regulations.